Valve and head for internal-combustion engines.



APPLICAUON HLED OULZZ. I916- Patented Apr. 9, 1918.

Clifonwq FRANK ID. SHEPHERD, OF SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH.

VALVE AND HEAD FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES Specification of LettersPatent.

Application filed December 22, 2916. Serial in. 135,453.

1 '0 all whom it may concern:

Be it kllown that I, FRANK D. SHEPHERD, a citizen of the United States,and resident of Salt Lake City, in the county of Salt Lake,.and in theState of Utah, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement inValves and Heads for Internal-' applicatwn to the cylinder andpeculiarly well suited for the valve mechanism, and

with the object stated in jew my invention consists in the constructionsubstantially as hereinafter specified and claimed.

1n the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a vertical section through aninternal combustion engine having one form of my valve;

Fig. 2 is a similar vicwbut showing only the valve mechanism, andimmediately adjacent parts, illustrating a different form of myinvention;

Fig. 3 is a like view to Fig. 2, showing still another form of m vinvention. l

(living a detailed description of the construction shown in thedrawings, there is a ater jacketed engine cylinder 10. The cylinder head11 is made separate from the cylinder and secured thereto by bolts 12,the abutting faces of cylinder and head being plane. and a gas tightjoint secured by a gasket between them. Leading from the dome;shapedcavity, or depression in the inncr side of the head is a port, orpassage 1 at the outer end of which is located the valve mechanism forcontrolling the tiow through the port. It will be seen that the port isformed wholly in the head and its one open side is closed by theadjacent end of the cylinder who the head is bolted to the latter. Thevalvatseat 14 is a bevel surface formed on the cylinder end adjacentsaid port at. one extremity of the chamber, or passage 15 through \{hichthe gas supply, or the exhaust passes toand from the cylinder by Way ofsaid port 13. In alincment. with the passage 15, and thus parallel withthelongi-v tndinal axis of the cylinder and extending from the port 13outward through the cylinder head is a cylindrical chamber 16. The valvehas a beveled seat-en aging face 17 and a head, or body 18 Whic reachestherefrom across the port 13 and has an extension 19 which enters saidchamber 16, and having a sliding fit within the'latter said 0 amber 16constitutes a lateral support to}- the valve and a guide in which itreciprocates. Preferably the valve extension 19 is chambered, orprovided with a cavity 20 in its outer end to receive one end portion ofa helical spring 21 situated in the chamber u; whose other end has athrust hearing, or support upon the outer end Wall, or head 22 of thechamber 16. Said spring 31 serves yieldingly to hold the valve to itsseat and to return it to its seat when it has been lifted, as by theusual ram device shown in the drawings,.but not necessary to bedescribed in detail since my invention has nothing to do with theconstruction oi. the particular device for lifting the valve from itsseat. The casing head 22 may, as illustratedin Fig. 1, be a simple co 1'plate bolted to and detachable or remove 1e from the side walls whichinclose the chamber 16. in which case said side walls are integral withthe cylinder head; or as shown in Fig.

2, the bonnet formation in which the head 15 Integral with the sidewalls may be employcd. in which case the head and side walls aretogether removable intact from the cylinder head. But whatever construction may be employed in this regard, it has the important characteristicof non-cominnnication with the external atmosphere, so that even thoughthere might be leakage of gas into the valve spririg-supporting andguiding chamber 16, there can be no escape of the gas from said chamber.10, and, hence, loss of power and waste from leakage is avoided. Inorder to assure gas tight joints, agasket is applied between the meetingfaces of the parts. The side walls of the chamber 16 are constructed forrapid cooling, as by being water jacketed, or pro vided with ribs. orfins to constitute radiating surfaces of large area.

The valve seating spring requires to be safeguarded against theinjurious effects of the high temperatures in the adjacent passa 'cs. Asthe valve head, or body is a thick su stantia mass reaching, even whenthe valve is in a closed position. across the port Patented A r. 9,1918..

13, to the inner end of the guiding chaiiiber 16, the s ring is thussituated advantageously or itsprotection against loss of term )erbreason of high temperatures. Still fu'rt er to protect the spring andthe thin walls of the valve extension 19, I place a body ofheat-resisting material 23, such as a disk of asbestos, between theinnerend of the spring and the port 13, which disk is convenientl lacedat the bottom' of the cavity 0 t e extension 19.

To reduce, or diminish as far as possible unoccupied space within thechamber 16, I place within the coils of the spring a filling devicewhich may be attached either to the valve onto the casing, or input toeach, said filling device occupying as much space in the direction ofmovement of the valve, as is possible without stopping, or restrictingthe fplay, or movement of the valve necessary or the performance of itsfunction in moving from its seat to open the port 13. As shown in Fig.1, said filling device is in the form of a solid cylindrical pin havingat one end a disk form head 26 w ich bears against the heat resistingdisk 23 and it is engaged by til-s inner end of the coil spring. Ifdesired 2 is headed filling tplug can be pladd in, the, reversedposition rom that shown in As shown in Figs. 2 and 3 the filling gl'llgmay be integral with the valve. The llin p ug instead of being a solidcylindrical bod may be. a shell, or tube with one end close and at itsother end threaded, or otherwise secured in a hole provided in the valvehead, or body.

By the employment of said filling device, the unoccupied s ace withinthe valve and its casing is re need to a minimum, and hence, shouldthere be any leakin of gas byfeason of a worn condition of t at part ofthe valve which lays in and is g'u1ded by the interior of t e casing,the quantity finding itsway into the valve and its casing 1 45 would beso smallas to be negli 'ble.

,5: 1 esired, one or more annu ar grooves 27" be provided in theeriphery of the guide-forming extension 0? the valve for a lubricant,although practice has shown that lubrication is not indispensable. It isi. not necessary to provide any special lubricant supply when it isdesired to use a lubricant, because oil for the piston head of theengine will find its way to the valve. No adjusting means for the springis necessary with my device because the spring can, when originallyapplied, be given just the right tension.- Howcver, should it be desiredto change the tension of the spring 60 thpt could be done by the emploment of disk'qyqtqvashers at either end of t e spring whose 'ensioncould be increased by the ,presence of one or more washers and its tension decreased by the removal of one or w more of them.

understood there are two valves, one for -As shown in Fig. 1, inorder tomaintain the springin a central position, I place over its u per end ,aflangeddisk or cup 210 whic closely fits the chamber 16. Thus sidewiseplay of the sprin is prevented which is important as in t e constructionshown in Fig. 1, to revent contact of the upper ed e of the va veextension with the coils of t e spring.

. The valve head, or body may be cylindrical, but I prefer to give itthe hollowed out, or concave form shown in the drawing so as to'pro'videample space about the valve head for the passage of the gas:

The construction shown in Fig. 3' is the same as that shown in Fig. 2,excepting that the casing head 22 is detachable as in Fig. 1, and theside walls of said casing are integral with the cylinder head and areprovided with the well-known ribs or fins for radiating heat for coolingpurposes.

It will be seen that access to the valve mechanism may easily andquickly be had simply by removing the head of the chamber 16 whenthehead alone is removable, or by removing the entire bonnet when thatform'of construction is used, and it will also be evident that completeand ready access to cylinder and the val-yemechanism may be had bylifting the cylinder head with such parts of the valve mechanism as maybe carried therewith. As the valve head and seatare np larger indiameter than the diameter of the chamber 16, the valve may be readilyremoved when the bonnet, or the casing head 22 is removed.

As will be evident, especially since the closing of the valve iseffected by the expansive action of the spring, the closing of the valveis produced very positively, and the construction is simple by reason ofthe fewness of the parts, and it is strong since the parts are stout andcompact. With the location that I ive it space that is otherwise notutilize in L-liead and T-headengines, is utilized, there is an inc 'seof power obtained from the engine and'the parts are most readilyaccessible for removal for cleaning, or valve grinding. For theapplication 0 thegniiiding tools suitable provision is mad, such as aslot, or notch 28 in the valigehead.

In constructingah engine embodying my be applied in. any suitable place,I prefer to p ace it in thecenter of the head of the cylinder, as shownin Fig. 1.

I show in the drawings but a single valve for the engine, but it,-ofcourse, will be 4 invention, although the spark plug 29 may the intakeand the other for the'exhaust. Although the engine shown is a waterjacketed one, it is to be'understood m valve mechanism is applicable toair ccole as well as water cooled engines, and its employthe hol ment,of course, does not do end upon the number of engine cylinders or it isapplicable to one o linder, or any number of cylinders, and w en morethan one cylinder is used, whether they are cast separately, or en bloc.

It will be evident from the various forms in which I illustrate myinvention as enibodied, that such invention is not limited to anyprecise construction and relative ar rangement of the parts, and hence,it is to be understood that I do not restrict myself even to suchparticular constructions and relative arran ements of the parts as areshown in the rawings.

Having thus described my invention what I claim is- 1. The combinationof an engine cylinder having a valve-controlled assage with a valveseat, a puppet valve aving a guide formin extension, a guide connectedwith the cyhnder in a part surrounding said extension, a coil springbearing at one end against an internal surface on said extension, and atits other end against a relatively stationary part, and a body ofheat-res1sting material interposed between the spring and a part of thevalve adjacent said valve controlled passage.

2. The combination of an engine cylinder having a valve-controlledpassage with a valve seat, a puppet valve having a uideformin extension,a guide connecte with the cylinder in a part surrounding said extension, said extension being hollow to receive a spring, a coil springbearing at one end against an internal surface on said extension, and atits other end against a relatively stationary part, and a body ofheatresistin material situated in the bottom of the hol ow part of saidextension.

tension, and on its other end against a rela tively stationary part, anda body of heatresisting materialisituated in the bottom of ow part ofthe extension.

4. The combination of an engine cylinder having a valve-controlledassage with a valve seat, a puppet valve llaving a ideforming extension,a guide connec with I have hereunto set In the cylinder in a partsurrounding said extension, and a coil spring hearing at one and againstan internal surface on said extension, and at its other end against arela tively stationary part that extends over the sides of the springadjacent its end so as to confine the spring against lateral movement,said relatively stationary part being a disk with a flange that fitssaid guide.

5. The combination of an engine cylinder having a valve-controlledpassage with a valve seat, a puppet valve having a guide formingextension, a guide connected Will: the cylinder in a part surroundingsaid extension, a coil spring bearing at one end against an internalsurface on said extension, and at its other end against a rela tivelystationar 1 part, a lilling member extending partially through thespring on the inside thereof, its length being substantially less thanthe distance between the bearings for the spring ends when the valve ison its seat, and a body of heatresisting material interposed between thesprin r and. a part of the valve adjacent said valve conirt'led passage.

6. The combination of an engine cylinder, a cylinder head removablysecured to the cylinder, said head having valve-controlled port formedwithin the head with an open side toward the cylinder end and closedthereby when the head is on the cylinder, a valve for controlling saidport having a guide-forming extension, the valve seat being formed onthe cylinder end and being uncovered when the head is removed, a guidechamber receiving said extension carried by and removable with the head,said guide chamber sing closed to the external air and having aremovable cap at its outer end, and a spring Within said chamber havinga bearing at, one end upon said removable cap and at its other endbearing upon the valve extension within the chamber.

7 The combination of an engine cylinder having a valve-controlledpassage with a valve seat, a puppet valve having a hollow guide-formingextension, a guide connected with the cylinder in. a part surroundingsaid extension, a coil spring extending into the hollow extension andhearing at one end against an internal surface on said extension, and atits other end against a relatively stationary part that extends over thesides of the spring adjacent its end so as to confine the spring againstlateral movement.

In testimony thatI claim the foregoing hand.

FRAN D. SHEPHERD.

